Taðýric

Taðýric is my ongoing effort - one that's been scrapped and reworked a good number of times - to create the most beautiful language possible to my sensibilities. I have developed a keyboard layout for typing the characters used in the written language.

Phonology

Consonants

	Labial	Dental	Alveodental	Alveopalatal	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Plosive	p ‹p›		t̪ ‹t›			k ‹c›
Nasal	m ‹m›		n̪ ‹n›
Fricative		θ ‹ð›	s̪ ‹s›	ɕ ‹s›/‹sj›		(x) ‹c›		h ‹h›
Lateral			l̪ ‹l›
Approximant	ʋ ‹u›		(r) ‹r›		j ‹j›		ʁ ‹r›*

• /r/ has many possible realizations, including a trill (in a complex onset or geminate), rhoticization of the previous vowel (in coda position), or a uvular approximant (in onset position).

Vowels

	Front		Back
	Unround	Round
High	i	y	u
Mid	e	ø	ɔ
Low			a

• All vowels can be lax and tense (RTR and non-RTR) apart from /ɔ/ (written ‹o›). Long vowels are realized as the vowel with a schwa offglide (ie /iː/ > [iə]). Short vowels are lax versions of long vowels (RTR).
• Length and tenseness is represented by an acute accent over the vowel.

Vowel Harmony

A simple vowel harmony exists in which round vowels assimilate progressively throughout a word by frontness. Therefore a word only has front round vowels (y, ø) or back round vowels (u, o), and never a mixture of the two sets.

Diphthongs

Diphthongs are frequently formed in agglutination. The language has a large and relatively unrestricted vowel inventory for a highly agglutinating language, and diphthong formation is complex:

	Second Vowel
First Vowel	i	y	u	e	ø	o	a
i	í	y	u	e	ø	o	a
y	ui	ý	N/A	ue	uø	N/A	ya
u	ui	N/A	ú	ue	N/A	uo	ua
e	eh	é	é	é	é	eo	ea
ø	øh	ǿ	N/A	ǿ	ǿ	N/A	øa
o	oh	N/A	ó	ó	N/A	ó	oa
a	ah	á	á	á	á	ao	á

These patterns can be explained through optimality: Full devoicing to elision of initial /i/ > Disyllabic falling vowel progression ((V)o, (V)a) > Gliding of initial vowel to /v/ > Full devoicing of second /i/ to [h]) > Lengthening of initial vowel and elision of second vowel.

An exception exists when a formation with initial vowel /i/ immediately follows /s/, in which case the above applies but the /s/ is lenited to [ɕ].

Script

Taðýric uses an abugida.

• A combined vowel-killer/reversal diacritic exists, written below the glyph, typed with the ] character. In multisyllabic words, it is placed under a syllable with nuclear ‹a› to indicate a consonantal coda, rendering the vowel silent. In monosyllabic words, it can be used to indicate that the consonant is pronounced after the nuclear vowel rather than before.

http://geckat.conlang.org/conlang/fonts/Tathyric.zip

Phonotactics

Possible consonantal onset structures include:

• [null]
• any consonant
• any non-approximant followed by an approximant

Possible coda structures include:

• [null]
• a fricative, nasal, or lateral
• a rhotic (Where /r/ is realized as a rhoticization of the previous vowel), possibly preceding any of the above.

• ‹t› > ‹ts› ([ts]) before accented high vowels.
• /s/ > [ɕ] before accented high vowels, and with /j/.
• /k/ is lenited to a fricative [x] intervocalically and in coda position.
• a high vowel between two other vowels will strengthen to an approximant (‹j› or ‹v›).
• Nasals in contact with another nasal or plosive regressively assimilate place.
• Fricatives in contact assimilate regressively.
• Progressive rounding assimilation between front vowels.

Morphology

Nouns

Possessor

STEM

Plural Possessor

Case/Number

Nouns are declined according to two numbers (singular and plural), two genders (animate and inanimate), five or seven cases (a total of eight), and three possessive persons (as well as singular and plural for each possessor).

Many adjectives may also be attached to nouns in a clitic form, as a prefix closest to the root.

Animate Paradigm

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ah	að
Accusative		i
Possessive	is	sis
Dative	iti	itor
Associative	ilis	ilisra
Comparative	ipic	ipirca
Vocative*	ah	ah

• The vocative is a postposed particle.

Inanimate Paradigm

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	i	ið
Accusative		a
Dative	iðu	iðar
Instrumental	imu	imar
Locative	isah	isari
Ablative	iric	irical
Comparative	ilim	imar

Person

Singular possessive markers are prefixes. Plural markers are suffixes paired with the appropriate singular marker.

	Singular	Plural
1	se	i
2	ce	i
21	a	i
3.an	ðe	u
3>3.an	ðai	u

Inanimate nouns cannot take direct possession. Instead, root compounding is used (ie "the tree's branch" = tíðorcrac)

Pronouns

Pronouns are formed by using the nominal root sto and attaching nominal person affixes and case affixes to it accordingly. (Codas are dropped for prefixes.) The root pronoun for 3.in is to.

Verbs

Person

Negative

Mood

Intensifier

STEM

Plural Subject

Aspect

Tense

Object

Verbs take different roots depending on the animacy of their object. Crucially, this means that verbs must be used appropriately for their paradigm: for instance, the root for throwing an inanimate noun such as a ball is cílo, while throwing an animate object (whether actually alive or not) is arové.

Verbs are obligatorily inflected for person and number. Transitive verbs are obligatorily inflected for the person and number of the object (in a single suffix). They may also be inflected for tense, aspect, and voice as individual agglutinations.

The verb to be does not exist; a noun may be derived as a verb with the suffix v immediately following the stem.  In a similar fashion, to possess takes the form of the suffix as on the object.

Person

Subject prefix is always furthest from the root. The plural suffix is paired with the singular prefix, before the object suffix.

	Singular	Plural
1	se	i
2	ce	i
21	a	i
3.an	ðe	u
4/3.in	te	u

Object

Object suffixes are always furthest from the root.

	Singular	Plural
1	is	isir
2	ic	icir
21		ra
3.an	ið	iðen
3.in	im	imen

The object suffix placement is also that of the passive suffix -toc. The reflexive is formed with a further suffix -jis or -ris for plurals, with the appropriate object.

Tense

Past	en
Nonpast+singular subject+intransitive+indicative	ah

Aspect

Inchoative	ro
Cessative	pi
Habitual	ja

Mood

Desiderative	uél
Non-Affirmative	ːse

Other Affixes

Intensifier	loc
Negative	mar

Lexicon

Demonstratives

Demonstratives precede the noun.

	an.s	an.pl	in.s	in.pl
Proximal	oma	omes	omar	omsis
Mesodistal	ana	anes	anar	ansis
Distal	amoh	amohes	amor	amoris

Numbers

Base-12 system. Numbers are prefixes or particles (cardinal). Ordinals are prefixes immediately before the stem.

Arabic	Clitic	Cardinal
1	néto	netósa
2	níðo	niðóca
3	jóci	jocís
4	jíso	jisós
5	síðo	siðóm
6	sor	sorom
7	rupís	rupísi
8	lomán	lománi
9	vári	varíð
10	vis	visís
11	néuo	neuos
12	súuo	suuos
13	súuo néto	súuo netósa
24	nusu	nusuui
36	jocsu	jocsuuos
48	jísu	jísuuos
60	sýsu	sýsuuos
72	sorsuvo	sorsuuos
84	rusu	rusuuos
96	lomsu	lomsuuos
108	vásu	vasuuos
120	výsu	vysuuos
132	nǿsu	nǿsuuos
144	hánja	hánjas

Open Class

https://drive.google.com/open?id=1duHSDsNB78DL01NIcH9Tn_tT5qZ9cWdTCXauC016k6c

Examples

The Tower of Babel (Genesis 11: 1-9)

1. Now the whole earth had one language and the same words.
   Ómðíssu, uápórrá ðonnétotaðíreten ic taðýrað tossénrauen.
2. And as people migrated from the east, they found a plain in the land of Shinar and settled there.
   Ic ðíssu, mánjeð ðosrópauen súnisjar, tinóllouen lácnju Sinarmy ic tinessísjen amappélsu.
3. And they said to one another, "Come, let us make bricks, and burn them thoroughly." And they had brick for stone, and bitumen for mortar.
   Ic ðyntaðýrjen: “Nammót! Sejǿrajøner copimínus, ic silǿcpǿuerjǿner.” Ic tincopimíneten sucénaðar ic timpitumeneten mortarðar.
4. Then they said, "Come, let us build ourselves a city and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves, lest we be dispersed over the face of the whole earth."
   Ic ðyntaðýrjen: “Nammót! Semonácjon ðáfolasu ic møcélju, ic niðuðar élisu, ic sejǿrajon acálu iníntor, el iporéðertoc pórranémðar.
5. And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of man had built.
   Ic Omacámisðaje tinnammón ðáfolasu tinðíta ic møcéljy son monácentoc ðenuojinuað tápisis.
6. And the Lord said, "Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language, and this is only the beginning of what they will do. And nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them.
   Ic Omacámisðaje tintaðýren, "Aðíta, tinnétosecsá, ic tinnétotaðúrtó, ic tosususíceua tinyðjǿry. Ic ðestóðor málina tinsonaslinému annoc tosmalicánðoa.
   
7. Come, let us go down and there confuse their language, so that they may not understand one another's speech.
   Nammót! Sestaja amór appélða ic simusmúrjon ðistaðýrýs, før tinocouacárjon.
   
8. So the Lord dispersed them from there over the face of all the earth, and they left off building the city.
   Ic Omacámisðaje timporéðerenoðer amór appélsi uápórraða, ic ðáfolasu tinmonácuempjon.
   
9. Therefore its name was called Babel, because there the Lord confused the language of all the earth. And from there the Lord dispersed them over the face of all the earth.
   Før ómar, amór appélacála Tospapeluen, før amór appélsu Omacámisðaje tinmusmúrjon uápórrataðúru. Ic amór appélsi Omacámisðaje timporéðerenoðer uajpórraða.

Sri Guru Granth Sahib 1

By thinking, He cannot be reduced to thought, even by thinking hundreds of thousands of times.
By remaining silent, inner silence is not obtained, even by remaining lovingly absorbed deep within.
The hunger of the hungry is not appeased, even by piling up loads of worldly goods.
Hundreds of thousands of clever tricks, but not even one of them will go along with you in the end.
So how can you become truthful?
And how can the veil of illusion be torn away?
O Nanak, it is written that you shall obey His Command, and walk in the Way of His Will.

Hávamál 93-95

93. No man should ever ridicule another’s love. The lure of a beautiful woman often snares the wise while leaving the fool. 94. A man should not heap abuse on another for something that happens to many men. Powerful love makes fools of heroes and sages. 95. Only your own mind knows what is dearest to your heart. You must counsel yourself. There is no worse illness for a sage than losing love for himself.

Rusu uári Simarlócorolueloð mamánje ðimactaðýra ántemanis ðisjárau. Ðisjára cajljómin tetocinasíroð Alvisi ic maraluisi tesacáloð. Rusu uis Silócørolueloð mánje ðimarmactaðýra Ántemanita uør nétocic telocúra aðmánitor. Omacsjáraj tejǿroðer maraluisis aluisis ic omacmánis. Rusu néuo Ysy icitána tecýuysøn cícu tecoamosið Cilouárða. Ciloðarniric. Locmarcúcusumer aluista Er ðicuðpajan sjárau cistota.